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Thermal Remote Sensing of Volcanoes.
Several faculty within HIGP are involved with the analysis of volcanic
thermal anomalies, using spacecraft, aircraft and ground observations. Dr.
Luke Flynn is a member of the Landsat 7, Earth Observer 1 and EOS science
teams, and is using active lava flows and volcanic domes as a rigorous test
of the sensors performance. Together with Dr. Andy Harris, Dr. Flynn is
also working on the analysis of near real-time geostationary satellite
thermal data for about 15 volcanoes in North and South America. These data
are made available on the HIGP web site
http://goes.higp.hawaii.edu/goes/. Drs. Flynn and Rob Wright have
developed a global volcano monitoring system using data from NASA's MODIS
instrument on the Terra spacecraft, which forms a major part of NASA's
Earth Observing System (EOS) interdisciplinary science investigation that
is led by the University of Hawai'i (
http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/).
Drs. Harris and Keith Horton are developing a groundbased thermal
monitoring system to be deployed on Kilauea volcano.
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Remote Sensing of Mt. Pinatubo, the Philippines.
Dr. Peter Mouginis-Mark leads the HIGP investigation of Mt. Pinatubo,
focusing on the recovery of the landscape around the volcano since the 1991
eruption. In collaboration with Harold Garbeil, they are studying the 1991
ignimbrite sheets and mudflows ("lahars") of Mt. Pinatubo. Multiple remote
sensing data sets are being used in this investigation, including ERS radar
images, SPOT and Landsat multispectral scenes, and digital topographic data
collected by the TOPSAR airborne interferometric radar system. You can see
some of the results from this study at:
http://eos.higp.hawaii.edu/ppages/pinatubo/index.html.
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Airborne Hyperspectral Imager.
AHI is a hyperspectral data collection system with 32 or 256 bands in the
8-12 micron atmospheric window (LWIR or thermal infrared band) and 3 color
bands in the visible. AHI was designed and built by HIGP researcher Dr. Paul Lucey. AHI has been used to map various geologic settings from both fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters. AHI is available on a cost reimbursable basis for ground and airborne data collections.
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Topographic Mapping of Volcanoes.
Drs. Peter Mouginis-Mark and Scott Rowland (Department of Geology and Geophysics) have a long-term program to study volcano morphology using digital topographic data collected from airborne and orbital radar interferometers. They are members of NASA's Space Shuttle Topography Mission (SRTM) which successfully flew in February 2000. We are currently using these SRTM data to study the geology and geomorphology of volcanoes in the Kuriles, Kamchatka, Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands, and the Philippines.
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Dr. Torben Nielsen heads the HIGP development of our own X-band satellite ground station. Located at Snug Harbor (near Pearl Harbor on Oahu), this system has the capability to collect data from any of the high data-rate spacecraft operated by NASA and foreign space agencies. We have used this system to collect data from a variety of satellites, including the Japanese JERS-1 and the European ERS-2. Currenly, most of the data come from NASA's Terra satellite. Drs. Nielsen and Dan Watanabe are also active in a NASA effort to develop this "direct broadcast" capability at several other institutions around the country. Direct broadcast MODIS data are being used in Hawaii for monitoring Kilauea volcano, analysis of meteorology around the islands, and ocean conditions.
Visit our ground station's web site at http://www.eos.hawaii.edu/.
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For more information on Terrestrial Remote Sensing at HIGP contact:
Luke Flynn,
Andy Harris,
Keith Horton,
Paul Lucey,
Peter Mouginis-Mark,
and
Rob Wright.
For more information on Satellite Data Retrieval at HIGP contact:
Peter Mouginis-Mark,
Torben Nielsen, and
Dan Watanabe.
Text and images courtesy Peter Mouginis-Mark.
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